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[vsorcdistro/.git] / ryu / build / lib.linux-armv7l-2.7 / ryu / ofproto / ofproto_v1_0_parser.py
diff --git a/ryu/build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/ryu/ofproto/ofproto_v1_0_parser.py b/ryu/build/lib.linux-armv7l-2.7/ryu/ofproto/ofproto_v1_0_parser.py
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+# Copyright (C) 2011, 2012 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
+# Copyright (C) 2011, 2012 Isaku Yamahata <yamahata at valinux co jp>
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+# implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""
+Decoder/Encoder implementations of OpenFlow 1.0.
+"""
+
+import struct
+import base64
+
+import six
+import netaddr
+
+from ryu.ofproto.ofproto_parser import StringifyMixin, MsgBase
+from ryu.lib import addrconv
+from ryu.lib import ip
+from ryu.lib import mac
+from ryu.lib.packet import packet
+from ryu.lib.pack_utils import msg_pack_into
+from ryu.ofproto import nx_match
+from ryu.ofproto import ofproto_common
+from ryu.ofproto import ofproto_parser
+from ryu.ofproto import ofproto_v1_0 as ofproto
+from ryu.ofproto import nx_actions
+from ryu import utils
+
+import logging
+LOG = logging.getLogger('ryu.ofproto.ofproto_v1_0_parser')
+
+_MSG_PARSERS = {}
+
+
+def _set_msg_type(msg_type):
+    '''Annotate corresponding OFP message type'''
+    def _set_cls_msg_type(cls):
+        cls.cls_msg_type = msg_type
+        return cls
+    return _set_cls_msg_type
+
+
+def _register_parser(cls):
+    '''class decorator to register msg parser'''
+    assert cls.cls_msg_type is not None
+    assert cls.cls_msg_type not in _MSG_PARSERS
+    _MSG_PARSERS[cls.cls_msg_type] = cls.parser
+    return cls
+
+
+@ofproto_parser.register_msg_parser(ofproto.OFP_VERSION)
+def msg_parser(datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+    parser = _MSG_PARSERS.get(msg_type)
+    return parser(datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf)
+
+
+# OFP_MSG_REPLY = {
+#     OFPFeaturesRequest: OFPSwitchFeatures,
+#     OFPBarrierRequest: OFPBarrierReply,
+#     OFPQueueGetConfigRequest: OFPQueueGetConfigReply,
+#
+#     # ofp_stats_request -> ofp_stats_reply
+#     OFPDescStatsRequest: OFPDescStatsReply,
+#     OFPFlowStatsRequest: OFPFlowStatsReply,
+#     OFPAggregateStatsRequest: OFPAggregateStatsReply,
+#     OFPTableStatsRequest: OFPTableStatsReply,
+#     OFPPortStatsRequest: OFPPortStatsReply,
+#     OFPQueueStatsRequest: OFPQueueStatsReply,
+#     OFPVendorStatsRequest: OFPVendorStatsReply,
+#     }
+def _set_msg_reply(msg_reply):
+    '''Annotate OFP reply message class'''
+    def _set_cls_msg_reply(cls):
+        cls.cls_msg_reply = msg_reply
+        return cls
+    return _set_cls_msg_reply
+
+
+#
+# common structures
+#
+
+class OFPPhyPort(ofproto_parser.namedtuple('OFPPhyPort', (
+        'port_no', 'hw_addr', 'name', 'config', 'state', 'curr', 'advertised',
+        'supported', 'peer'))):
+    """
+    Description of a port
+
+    ========== =========================================================
+    Attribute  Description
+    ========== =========================================================
+    port_no    Port number and it uniquely identifies a port within
+               a switch.
+    hw_addr    MAC address for the port.
+    name       Null-terminated string containing a human-readable name
+               for the interface.
+    config     Bitmap of port configration flags.
+
+               | OFPPC_PORT_DOWN
+               | OFPPC_NO_STP
+               | OFPPC_NO_RECV
+               | OFPPC_NO_RECV_STP
+               | OFPPC_NO_FLOOD
+               | OFPPC_NO_FWD
+               | OFPPC_NO_PACKET_IN
+    state      Bitmap of port state flags.
+
+               | OFPPS_LINK_DOWN
+               | OFPPS_STP_LISTEN
+               | OFPPS_STP_LEARN
+               | OFPPS_STP_FORWARD
+               | OFPPS_STP_BLOCK
+               | OFPPS_STP_MASK
+    curr       Current features.
+    advertised Features being advertised by the port.
+    supported  Features supported by the port.
+    peer       Features advertised by peer.
+    ========== =========================================================
+    """
+    _TYPE = {
+        'ascii': [
+            'hw_addr',
+        ],
+        'utf-8': [
+            # OF spec is unclear about the encoding of name.
+            # we assumes UTF-8, which is used by OVS.
+            'name',
+        ]
+    }
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        port = struct.unpack_from(ofproto.OFP_PHY_PORT_PACK_STR,
+                                  buf, offset)
+        port = list(port)
+        i = cls._fields.index('hw_addr')
+        port[i] = addrconv.mac.bin_to_text(port[i])
+        i = cls._fields.index('name')
+        port[i] = port[i].rstrip(b'\0')
+        return cls(*port)
+
+
+class OFPMatch(StringifyMixin):
+    """
+    Flow Match Structure
+
+    This class is implementation of the flow match structure having
+    compose/query API.
+
+    ================ ==================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ==================================================
+    wildcards        Wildcard fields.
+    (match fields)   For the available match fields,
+                     please refer to the following.
+    ================ ==================================================
+
+    ================ =============== ==================================
+    Argument         Value           Description
+    ================ =============== ==================================
+    in_port          Integer 16bit   Switch input port.
+    dl_src           MAC address     Ethernet source address.
+    dl_dst           MAC address     Ethernet destination address.
+    dl_vlan          Integer 16bit   Input VLAN id.
+    dl_vlan_pcp      Integer 8bit    Input VLAN priority.
+    dl_type          Integer 16bit   Ethernet frame type.
+    nw_tos           Integer 8bit    IP ToS (actually DSCP field, 6 bits).
+    nw_proto         Integer 8bit    IP protocol or lower 8 bits of
+                                     ARP opcode.
+    nw_src           IPv4 address    IP source address.
+    nw_dst           IPv4 address    IP destination address.
+    tp_src           Integer 16bit   TCP/UDP source port.
+    tp_dst           Integer 16bit   TCP/UDP destination port.
+    nw_src_mask      Integer 8bit    IP source address mask
+                                     specified as IPv4 address prefix.
+    nw_dst_mask      Integer 8bit    IP destination address mask
+                                     specified as IPv4 address prefix.
+    ================ =============== ==================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> # compose
+        >>> match = parser.OFPMatch(
+        ...     in_port=1,
+        ...     dl_type=0x0800,
+        ...     dl_src='aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff',
+        ...     nw_src='192.168.0.1')
+        >>> # query
+        >>> if 'nw_src' in match:
+        ...     print match['nw_src']
+        ...
+        '192.168.0.1'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, wildcards=None, in_port=None, dl_src=None, dl_dst=None,
+                 dl_vlan=None, dl_vlan_pcp=None, dl_type=None, nw_tos=None,
+                 nw_proto=None, nw_src=None, nw_dst=None,
+                 tp_src=None, tp_dst=None, nw_src_mask=32, nw_dst_mask=32):
+        super(OFPMatch, self).__init__()
+        wc = ofproto.OFPFW_ALL
+        if in_port is None:
+            self.in_port = 0
+        else:
+            wc &= ~ofproto.OFPFW_IN_PORT
+            self.in_port = in_port
+
+        if dl_src is None:
+            self.dl_src = mac.DONTCARE
+        else:
+            wc &= ~ofproto.OFPFW_DL_SRC
+            if (isinstance(dl_src, (six.text_type, str)) and
+                    netaddr.valid_mac(dl_src)):
+                dl_src = addrconv.mac.text_to_bin(dl_src)
+            if dl_src == 0:
+                self.dl_src = mac.DONTCARE
+            else:
+                self.dl_src = dl_src
+
+        if dl_dst is None:
+            self.dl_dst = mac.DONTCARE
+        else:
+            wc &= ~ofproto.OFPFW_DL_DST
+            if (isinstance(dl_dst, (six.text_type, str)) and
+                    netaddr.valid_mac(dl_dst)):
+                dl_dst = addrconv.mac.text_to_bin(dl_dst)
+            if dl_dst == 0:
+                self.dl_dst = mac.DONTCARE
+            else:
+                self.dl_dst = dl_dst
+
+        if dl_vlan is None:
+            self.dl_vlan = 0
+        else:
+            wc &= ~ofproto.OFPFW_DL_VLAN
+            self.dl_vlan = dl_vlan
+
+        if dl_vlan_pcp is None:
+            self.dl_vlan_pcp = 0
+        else:
+            wc &= ~ofproto.OFPFW_DL_VLAN_PCP
+            self.dl_vlan_pcp = dl_vlan_pcp
+
+        if dl_type is None:
+            self.dl_type = 0
+        else:
+            wc &= ~ofproto.OFPFW_DL_TYPE
+            self.dl_type = dl_type
+
+        if nw_tos is None:
+            self.nw_tos = 0
+        else:
+            wc &= ~ofproto.OFPFW_NW_TOS
+            self.nw_tos = nw_tos
+
+        if nw_proto is None:
+            self.nw_proto = 0
+        else:
+            wc &= ~ofproto.OFPFW_NW_PROTO
+            self.nw_proto = nw_proto
+
+        if nw_src is None:
+            self.nw_src = 0
+        else:
+            wc &= (32 - nw_src_mask) << ofproto.OFPFW_NW_SRC_SHIFT \
+                | ~ofproto.OFPFW_NW_SRC_MASK
+            if not isinstance(nw_src, int):
+                nw_src = ip.ipv4_to_int(nw_src)
+            self.nw_src = nw_src
+
+        if nw_dst is None:
+            self.nw_dst = 0
+        else:
+            wc &= (32 - nw_dst_mask) << ofproto.OFPFW_NW_DST_SHIFT \
+                | ~ofproto.OFPFW_NW_DST_MASK
+            if not isinstance(nw_dst, int):
+                nw_dst = ip.ipv4_to_int(nw_dst)
+            self.nw_dst = nw_dst
+
+        if tp_src is None:
+            self.tp_src = 0
+        else:
+            wc &= ~ofproto.OFPFW_TP_SRC
+            self.tp_src = tp_src
+
+        if tp_dst is None:
+            self.tp_dst = 0
+        else:
+            wc &= ~ofproto.OFPFW_TP_DST
+            self.tp_dst = tp_dst
+
+        if wildcards is None:
+            self.wildcards = wc
+        else:
+            self.wildcards = wildcards
+
+    def __getitem__(self, name):
+        if not isinstance(name, str):
+            raise KeyError(name)
+        elif name == 'nw_src_mask':
+            _m = 32 - ((self.wildcards & ofproto.OFPFW_NW_SRC_MASK) >>
+                       ofproto.OFPFW_NW_SRC_SHIFT)
+            return 0 if _m < 0 else _m
+        elif name == 'nw_dst_mask':
+            _m = 32 - ((self.wildcards & ofproto.OFPFW_NW_DST_MASK) >>
+                       ofproto.OFPFW_NW_DST_SHIFT)
+            return 0 if _m < 0 else _m
+        elif name == 'wildcards':
+            return self.wildcards
+
+        wc = getattr(ofproto, 'OFPFW_' + name.upper(), 0)
+        if ~self.wildcards & wc:
+            value = getattr(self, name)
+            if name in ['dl_src', 'dl_dst']:
+                value = addrconv.mac.bin_to_text(value)
+            elif name in ['nw_src', 'nw_dst']:
+                value = ip.ipv4_to_str(value)
+            return value
+        else:
+            raise KeyError(name)
+
+    def __contains__(self, name):
+        wc = getattr(ofproto, 'OFPFW_' + name.upper(), 0)
+        return ~self.wildcards & wc
+
+    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_MATCH_PACK_STR, buf, offset,
+                      self.wildcards, self.in_port, self.dl_src,
+                      self.dl_dst, self.dl_vlan, self.dl_vlan_pcp,
+                      self.dl_type, self.nw_tos, self.nw_proto,
+                      self.nw_src, self.nw_dst, self.tp_src, self.tp_dst)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse(cls, buf, offset):
+        match = struct.unpack_from(ofproto.OFP_MATCH_PACK_STR,
+                                   buf, offset)
+        return cls(*match)
+
+    def to_jsondict(self):
+        fields = {}
+        # copy values to avoid original values conversion
+        for k, v in self.__dict__.items():
+            if k in ['dl_src', 'dl_dst']:
+                fields[k] = addrconv.mac.bin_to_text(v)
+            elif k in ['nw_src', 'nw_dst']:
+                fields[k] = ip.ipv4_to_str(v)
+            else:
+                fields[k] = v
+        return {self.__class__.__name__: fields}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_jsondict(cls, dict_):
+        return cls(**dict_)
+
+
+class OFPActionHeader(StringifyMixin):
+    _base_attributes = ['type', 'len']
+
+    def __init__(self, type_, len_):
+        self.type = type_
+        self.len = len_
+
+    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_ACTION_HEADER_PACK_STR,
+                      buf, offset, self.type, self.len)
+
+
+class OFPAction(OFPActionHeader):
+    _ACTION_TYPES = {}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def register_action_type(type_, len_):
+        def _register_action_type(cls):
+            cls.cls_action_type = type_
+            cls.cls_action_len = len_
+            OFPAction._ACTION_TYPES[cls.cls_action_type] = cls
+            return cls
+        return _register_action_type
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        cls = self.__class__
+        super(OFPAction, self).__init__(cls.cls_action_type,
+                                        cls.cls_action_len)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        type_, len_ = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_ACTION_HEADER_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        cls_ = cls._ACTION_TYPES.get(type_)
+        assert cls_ is not None
+        return cls_.parser(buf, offset)
+
+
+@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_OUTPUT,
+                                ofproto.OFP_ACTION_OUTPUT_SIZE)
+class OFPActionOutput(OFPAction):
+    """
+    Output action
+
+    This action indicates output a packet to the switch port.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    port             Output port.
+    max_len          Max length to send to controller.
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Note::
+        The reason of this magic number (0xffe5)
+        is because there is no good constant in of1.0.
+        The same value as OFPCML_MAX of of1.2 and of1.3 is used.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, port, max_len=0xffe5):
+        super(OFPActionOutput, self).__init__()
+        self.port = port
+        self.max_len = max_len
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        type_, len_, port, max_len = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_ACTION_OUTPUT_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        assert type_ == ofproto.OFPAT_OUTPUT
+        assert len_ == ofproto.OFP_ACTION_OUTPUT_SIZE
+        return cls(port, max_len)
+
+    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_ACTION_OUTPUT_PACK_STR, buf,
+                      offset, self.type, self.len, self.port, self.max_len)
+
+
+@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_SET_VLAN_VID,
+                                ofproto.OFP_ACTION_VLAN_VID_SIZE)
+class OFPActionVlanVid(OFPAction):
+    """
+    Set the 802.1q VLAN id action
+
+    This action indicates the 802.1q VLAN id to be set.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    vlan_vid         VLAN id.
+    ================ ======================================================
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, vlan_vid):
+        super(OFPActionVlanVid, self).__init__()
+        self.vlan_vid = vlan_vid
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        type_, len_, vlan_vid = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_ACTION_VLAN_VID_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        assert type_ == ofproto.OFPAT_SET_VLAN_VID
+        assert len_ == ofproto.OFP_ACTION_VLAN_VID_SIZE
+        return cls(vlan_vid)
+
+    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_ACTION_VLAN_VID_PACK_STR,
+                      buf, offset, self.type, self.len, self.vlan_vid)
+
+
+@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_SET_VLAN_PCP,
+                                ofproto.OFP_ACTION_VLAN_PCP_SIZE)
+class OFPActionVlanPcp(OFPAction):
+    """
+    Set the 802.1q priority action
+
+    This action indicates the 802.1q priority to be set.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    vlan_pcp         VLAN priority.
+    ================ ======================================================
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, vlan_pcp):
+        super(OFPActionVlanPcp, self).__init__()
+        self.vlan_pcp = vlan_pcp
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        type_, len_, vlan_pcp = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_ACTION_VLAN_PCP_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        assert type_ == ofproto.OFPAT_SET_VLAN_PCP
+        assert len_ == ofproto.OFP_ACTION_VLAN_PCP_SIZE
+        return cls(vlan_pcp)
+
+    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_ACTION_VLAN_PCP_PACK_STR,
+                      buf, offset, self.type, self.len, self.vlan_pcp)
+
+
+@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_STRIP_VLAN,
+                                ofproto.OFP_ACTION_HEADER_SIZE)
+class OFPActionStripVlan(OFPAction):
+    """
+    Strip the 802.1q header action
+
+    This action indicates the 802.1q priority to be striped.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(OFPActionStripVlan, self).__init__()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        type_, len_ = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_ACTION_HEADER_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        assert type_ == ofproto.OFPAT_STRIP_VLAN
+        assert len_ == ofproto.OFP_ACTION_HEADER_SIZE
+        return cls()
+
+
+class OFPActionDlAddr(OFPAction):
+    def __init__(self, dl_addr):
+        super(OFPActionDlAddr, self).__init__()
+        if (isinstance(dl_addr, (six.text_type, str)) and
+                netaddr.valid_mac(dl_addr)):
+            dl_addr = addrconv.mac.text_to_bin(dl_addr)
+        self.dl_addr = dl_addr
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        type_, len_, dl_addr = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_ACTION_DL_ADDR_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        assert type_ in (ofproto.OFPAT_SET_DL_SRC,
+                         ofproto.OFPAT_SET_DL_DST)
+        assert len_ == ofproto.OFP_ACTION_DL_ADDR_SIZE
+        return cls(dl_addr)
+
+    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_ACTION_DL_ADDR_PACK_STR,
+                      buf, offset, self.type, self.len, self.dl_addr)
+
+    def to_jsondict(self):
+        body = {"dl_addr": addrconv.mac.bin_to_text(self.dl_addr)}
+        return {self.__class__.__name__: body}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_jsondict(cls, dict_):
+        return cls(**dict_)
+
+
+@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_SET_DL_SRC,
+                                ofproto.OFP_ACTION_DL_ADDR_SIZE)
+class OFPActionSetDlSrc(OFPActionDlAddr):
+    """
+    Set the ethernet source address action
+
+    This action indicates the ethernet source address to be set.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    dl_addr          Ethernet address.
+    ================ ======================================================
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, dl_addr):
+        super(OFPActionSetDlSrc, self).__init__(dl_addr)
+
+
+@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_SET_DL_DST,
+                                ofproto.OFP_ACTION_DL_ADDR_SIZE)
+class OFPActionSetDlDst(OFPActionDlAddr):
+    """
+    Set the ethernet destination address action
+
+    This action indicates the ethernet destination address to be set.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    dl_addr          Ethernet address.
+    ================ ======================================================
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, dl_addr):
+        super(OFPActionSetDlDst, self).__init__(dl_addr)
+
+
+class OFPActionNwAddr(OFPAction):
+    def __init__(self, nw_addr):
+        super(OFPActionNwAddr, self).__init__()
+        if not isinstance(nw_addr, int):
+            nw_addr = ip.ipv4_to_int(nw_addr)
+        self.nw_addr = nw_addr
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        type_, len_, nw_addr = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_ACTION_NW_ADDR_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        assert type_ in (ofproto.OFPAT_SET_NW_SRC,
+                         ofproto.OFPAT_SET_NW_DST)
+        assert len_ == ofproto.OFP_ACTION_NW_ADDR_SIZE
+        return cls(nw_addr)
+
+    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_ACTION_NW_ADDR_PACK_STR,
+                      buf, offset, self.type, self.len, self.nw_addr)
+
+    def to_jsondict(self):
+        body = {"nw_addr": ip.ipv4_to_str(self.nw_addr)}
+        return {self.__class__.__name__: body}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_jsondict(cls, dict_):
+        return cls(**dict_)
+
+
+@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_SET_NW_SRC,
+                                ofproto.OFP_ACTION_NW_ADDR_SIZE)
+class OFPActionSetNwSrc(OFPActionNwAddr):
+    """
+    Set the IP source address action
+
+    This action indicates the IP source address to be set.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    nw_addr          IP address.
+    ================ ======================================================
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, nw_addr):
+        super(OFPActionSetNwSrc, self).__init__(nw_addr)
+
+
+@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_SET_NW_DST,
+                                ofproto.OFP_ACTION_NW_ADDR_SIZE)
+class OFPActionSetNwDst(OFPActionNwAddr):
+    """
+    Set the IP destination address action
+
+    This action indicates the IP destination address to be set.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    nw_addr          IP address.
+    ================ ======================================================
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, nw_addr):
+        super(OFPActionSetNwDst, self).__init__(nw_addr)
+
+
+@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_SET_NW_TOS,
+                                ofproto.OFP_ACTION_NW_TOS_SIZE)
+class OFPActionSetNwTos(OFPAction):
+    """
+    Set the IP ToS action
+
+    This action indicates the IP ToS (DSCP field, 6 bits) to be set.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    tos              IP ToS (DSCP field, 6 bits).
+    ================ ======================================================
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, tos):
+        super(OFPActionSetNwTos, self).__init__()
+        self.tos = tos
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        type_, len_, tos = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_ACTION_NW_TOS_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        assert type_ == ofproto.OFPAT_SET_NW_TOS
+        assert len_ == ofproto.OFP_ACTION_NW_TOS_SIZE
+        return cls(tos)
+
+    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_ACTION_NW_TOS_PACK_STR,
+                      buf, offset, self.type, self.len, self.tos)
+
+
+class OFPActionTpPort(OFPAction):
+    def __init__(self, tp):
+        super(OFPActionTpPort, self).__init__()
+        self.tp = tp
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        type_, len_, tp = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_ACTION_TP_PORT_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        assert type_ in (ofproto.OFPAT_SET_TP_SRC,
+                         ofproto.OFPAT_SET_TP_DST)
+        assert len_ == ofproto.OFP_ACTION_TP_PORT_SIZE
+        return cls(tp)
+
+    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_ACTION_TP_PORT_PACK_STR,
+                      buf, offset, self.type, self.len, self.tp)
+
+
+@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_SET_TP_SRC,
+                                ofproto.OFP_ACTION_TP_PORT_SIZE)
+class OFPActionSetTpSrc(OFPActionTpPort):
+    """
+    Set the TCP/UDP source port action
+
+    This action indicates the TCP/UDP source port to be set.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    tp               TCP/UDP port.
+    ================ ======================================================
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, tp):
+        super(OFPActionSetTpSrc, self).__init__(tp)
+
+
+@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_SET_TP_DST,
+                                ofproto.OFP_ACTION_TP_PORT_SIZE)
+class OFPActionSetTpDst(OFPActionTpPort):
+    """
+    Set the TCP/UDP destination port action
+
+    This action indicates the TCP/UDP destination port to be set.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    tp               TCP/UDP port.
+    ================ ======================================================
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, tp):
+        super(OFPActionSetTpDst, self).__init__(tp)
+
+
+@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_ENQUEUE,
+                                ofproto.OFP_ACTION_ENQUEUE_SIZE)
+class OFPActionEnqueue(OFPAction):
+    """
+    Output to queue action
+
+    This action indicates send packets to given queue on port.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    port             Port that queue belongs.
+    queue_id         Where to enqueue the packets.
+    ================ ======================================================
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, port, queue_id):
+        super(OFPActionEnqueue, self).__init__()
+        self.port = port
+        self.queue_id = queue_id
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        type_, len_, port, queue_id = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_ACTION_ENQUEUE_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        assert type_ == ofproto.OFPAT_ENQUEUE
+        assert len_ == ofproto.OFP_ACTION_ENQUEUE_SIZE
+        return cls(port, queue_id)
+
+    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_ACTION_ENQUEUE_PACK_STR, buf, offset,
+                      self.type, self.len, self.port, self.queue_id)
+
+
+@OFPAction.register_action_type(ofproto.OFPAT_VENDOR, 0)
+class OFPActionVendor(OFPAction):
+    """
+    Vendor action
+
+    This action is an extensible action for the vendor.
+    """
+    _ACTION_VENDORS = {}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def register_action_vendor(vendor):
+        def _register_action_vendor(cls):
+            cls.cls_vendor = vendor
+            OFPActionVendor._ACTION_VENDORS[cls.cls_vendor] = cls
+            return cls
+        return _register_action_vendor
+
+    def __init__(self, vendor=None):
+        super(OFPActionVendor, self).__init__()
+        self.type = ofproto.OFPAT_VENDOR
+        self.len = None
+
+        if vendor is None:
+            self.vendor = self.cls_vendor
+        else:
+            self.vendor = vendor
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        type_, len_, vendor = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_ACTION_VENDOR_HEADER_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+
+        data = buf[(offset + ofproto.OFP_ACTION_VENDOR_HEADER_SIZE
+                    ): offset + len_]
+
+        if vendor == ofproto_common.NX_EXPERIMENTER_ID:
+            obj = NXAction.parse(data)  # noqa
+        else:
+            cls_ = cls._ACTION_VENDORS.get(vendor, None)
+
+            if cls_ is None:
+                obj = OFPActionVendorUnknown(vendor, data)
+            else:
+                obj = cls_.parser(buf, offset)
+
+        obj.len = len_
+        return obj
+
+    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_ACTION_VENDOR_HEADER_PACK_STR,
+                      buf, offset, self.type, self.len, self.vendor)
+
+
+# OpenFlow1.2 or later compatible
+OFPActionExperimenter = OFPActionVendor
+
+
+class OFPActionVendorUnknown(OFPActionVendor):
+    def __init__(self, vendor, data=None, type_=None, len_=None):
+        super(OFPActionVendorUnknown,
+              self).__init__(vendor=vendor)
+        self.data = data
+
+    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
+        # fixup
+        data = self.data
+        if data is None:
+            data = bytearray()
+        self.len = (utils.round_up(len(data), 8) +
+                    ofproto.OFP_ACTION_VENDOR_HEADER_SIZE)
+        super(OFPActionVendorUnknown, self).serialize(buf, offset)
+        msg_pack_into('!%ds' % len(self.data),
+                      buf,
+                      offset + ofproto.OFP_ACTION_VENDOR_HEADER_SIZE,
+                      self.data)
+
+
+@OFPActionVendor.register_action_vendor(ofproto_common.NX_EXPERIMENTER_ID)
+class NXActionHeader(OFPActionVendor):
+    _NX_ACTION_SUBTYPES = {}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def register_nx_action_subtype(subtype, len_):
+        def _register_nx_action_subtype(cls):
+            cls.cls_action_len = len_
+            cls.cls_subtype = subtype
+            NXActionHeader._NX_ACTION_SUBTYPES[cls.cls_subtype] = cls
+            return cls
+        return _register_nx_action_subtype
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(NXActionHeader, self).__init__()
+        self.subtype = self.cls_subtype
+
+    def serialize(self, buf, offset):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_ACTION_HEADER_PACK_STR,
+                      buf, offset, self.type, self.len)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        type_, len_, vendor, subtype = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.NX_ACTION_HEADER_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        cls_ = cls._NX_ACTION_SUBTYPES.get(subtype)
+        return cls_.parser(buf, offset)
+
+
+class OFPDescStats(ofproto_parser.namedtuple('OFPDescStats', (
+        'mfr_desc', 'hw_desc', 'sw_desc', 'serial_num', 'dp_desc'))):
+
+    _TYPE = {
+        'ascii': [
+            'mfr_desc',
+            'hw_desc',
+            'sw_desc',
+            'serial_num',
+            'dp_desc',
+        ]
+    }
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        desc = struct.unpack_from(ofproto.OFP_DESC_STATS_PACK_STR,
+                                  buf, offset)
+        desc = list(desc)
+        desc = [x.rstrip(b'\0') for x in desc]
+        stats = cls(*desc)
+        stats.length = ofproto.OFP_DESC_STATS_SIZE
+        return stats
+
+
+class OFPFlowStats(StringifyMixin):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(OFPFlowStats, self).__init__()
+        self.length = None
+        self.table_id = None
+        self.match = None
+        self.duration_sec = None
+        self.duration_nsec = None
+        self.priority = None
+        self.idle_timeout = None
+        self.hard_timeout = None
+        self.cookie = None
+        self.packet_count = None
+        self.byte_count = None
+        self.actions = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        flow_stats = cls()
+
+        flow_stats.length, flow_stats.table_id = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_FLOW_STATS_0_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        offset += ofproto.OFP_FLOW_STATS_0_SIZE
+
+        flow_stats.match = OFPMatch.parse(buf, offset)
+        offset += ofproto.OFP_MATCH_SIZE
+
+        (flow_stats.duration_sec,
+         flow_stats.duration_nsec,
+         flow_stats.priority,
+         flow_stats.idle_timeout,
+         flow_stats.hard_timeout,
+         flow_stats.cookie,
+         flow_stats.packet_count,
+         flow_stats.byte_count) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_FLOW_STATS_1_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        offset += ofproto.OFP_FLOW_STATS_1_SIZE
+
+        flow_stats.actions = []
+        length = ofproto.OFP_FLOW_STATS_SIZE
+        while length < flow_stats.length:
+            action = OFPAction.parser(buf, offset)
+            flow_stats.actions.append(action)
+
+            offset += action.len
+            length += action.len
+
+        return flow_stats
+
+
+class OFPAggregateStats(ofproto_parser.namedtuple('OFPAggregateStats', (
+        'packet_count', 'byte_count', 'flow_count'))):
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        agg = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_AGGREGATE_STATS_REPLY_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        stats = cls(*agg)
+        stats.length = ofproto.OFP_AGGREGATE_STATS_REPLY_SIZE
+        return stats
+
+
+class OFPTableStats(ofproto_parser.namedtuple('OFPTableStats', (
+        'table_id', 'name', 'wildcards', 'max_entries', 'active_count',
+        'lookup_count', 'matched_count'))):
+
+    _TYPE = {
+        'utf-8': [
+            # OF spec is unclear about the encoding of name.
+            # we assumes UTF-8.
+            'name',
+        ]
+    }
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        tbl = struct.unpack_from(ofproto.OFP_TABLE_STATS_PACK_STR,
+                                 buf, offset)
+        tbl = list(tbl)
+        i = cls._fields.index('name')
+        tbl[i] = tbl[i].rstrip(b'\0')
+        stats = cls(*tbl)
+        stats.length = ofproto.OFP_TABLE_STATS_SIZE
+        return stats
+
+
+class OFPPortStats(ofproto_parser.namedtuple('OFPPortStats', (
+        'port_no', 'rx_packets', 'tx_packets', 'rx_bytes', 'tx_bytes',
+        'rx_dropped', 'tx_dropped', 'rx_errors', 'tx_errors',
+        'rx_frame_err', 'rx_over_err', 'rx_crc_err', 'collisions'))):
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        port = struct.unpack_from(ofproto.OFP_PORT_STATS_PACK_STR,
+                                  buf, offset)
+        stats = cls(*port)
+        stats.length = ofproto.OFP_PORT_STATS_SIZE
+        return stats
+
+
+class OFPQueueStats(ofproto_parser.namedtuple('OFPQueueStats', (
+        'port_no', 'queue_id', 'tx_bytes', 'tx_packets', 'tx_errors'))):
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        queue = struct.unpack_from(ofproto.OFP_QUEUE_STATS_PACK_STR,
+                                   buf, offset)
+        stats = cls(*queue)
+        stats.length = ofproto.OFP_QUEUE_STATS_SIZE
+        return stats
+
+
+class OFPVendorStats(ofproto_parser.namedtuple('OFPVendorStats',
+                                               ('specific_data'))):
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        stats = cls(buf[offset:])
+        stats.length = len(stats.specific_data)
+        return stats
+
+
+class NXFlowStats(StringifyMixin):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(NXFlowStats, self).__init__()
+        self.length = None
+        self.table_id = None
+        self.duration_sec = None
+        self.duration_nsec = None
+        self.priority = None
+        self.idle_timeout = None
+        self.hard_timeout = None
+        self.match_len = None
+        self.idle_age = None
+        self.hard_age = None
+        self.cookie = None
+        self.packet_count = None
+        self.byte_count = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        original_offset = offset
+        nxflow_stats = cls()
+        (nxflow_stats.length, nxflow_stats.table_id,
+         nxflow_stats.duration_sec, nxflow_stats.duration_nsec,
+         nxflow_stats.priority, nxflow_stats.idle_timeout,
+         nxflow_stats.hard_timeout, nxflow_stats.match_len,
+         nxflow_stats.idle_age, nxflow_stats.hard_age,
+         nxflow_stats.cookie, nxflow_stats.packet_count,
+         nxflow_stats.byte_count) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.NX_FLOW_STATS_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        offset += ofproto.NX_FLOW_STATS_SIZE
+
+        fields = []
+        match_len = nxflow_stats.match_len
+        match_len -= 4
+        while match_len > 0:
+            field = nx_match.MFField.parser(buf, offset)
+            offset += field.length
+            match_len -= field.length
+            fields.append(field)
+        nxflow_stats.fields = fields
+
+        actions = []
+        total_len = original_offset + nxflow_stats.length
+        match_len = nxflow_stats.match_len
+        offset += utils.round_up(match_len, 8) - match_len
+        while offset < total_len:
+            action = OFPAction.parser(buf, offset)
+            actions.append(action)
+            offset += action.len
+        nxflow_stats.actions = actions
+
+        return nxflow_stats
+
+
+class NXAggregateStats(ofproto_parser.namedtuple('NXAggregateStats', (
+        'packet_count', 'byte_count', 'flow_count'))):
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        agg = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.NX_AGGREGATE_STATS_REPLY_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        stats = cls(*agg)
+        stats.length = ofproto.NX_AGGREGATE_STATS_REPLY_SIZE
+
+        return stats
+
+
+class OFPQueuePropHeader(StringifyMixin):
+    _QUEUE_PROPERTIES = {}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def register_queue_property(prop_type, prop_len):
+        def _register_queue_propery(cls):
+            cls.cls_prop_type = prop_type
+            cls.cls_prop_len = prop_len
+            OFPQueuePropHeader._QUEUE_PROPERTIES[prop_type] = cls
+            return cls
+        return _register_queue_propery
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.property = self.cls_prop_type
+        self.len = self.cls_prop_len
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        property_, len_ = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_QUEUE_PROP_HEADER_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        prop_cls = cls._QUEUE_PROPERTIES[property_]
+        assert property_ == prop_cls.cls_prop_type
+        assert len_ == prop_cls.cls_prop_len
+
+        offset += ofproto.OFP_QUEUE_PROP_HEADER_SIZE
+        return prop_cls.parser(buf, offset)
+
+
+@OFPQueuePropHeader.register_queue_property(
+    ofproto.OFPQT_NONE, ofproto.OFP_QUEUE_PROP_HEADER_SIZE)
+class OFPQueuePropNone(OFPQueuePropHeader):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(OFPQueuePropNone, self).__init__()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        return cls()
+
+
+@OFPQueuePropHeader.register_queue_property(
+    ofproto.OFPQT_MIN_RATE, ofproto.OFP_QUEUE_PROP_MIN_RATE_SIZE)
+class OFPQueuePropMinRate(OFPQueuePropHeader):
+    def __init__(self, rate):
+        super(OFPQueuePropMinRate, self).__init__()
+        self.rate = rate
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        (rate,) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_QUEUE_PROP_MIN_RATE_PACK_STR,
+            buf, offset)
+        return cls(rate)
+
+
+class OFPPacketQueue(StringifyMixin):
+    """
+    Description of a queue
+
+    ========== =========================================================
+    Attribute  Description
+    ========== =========================================================
+    queue_id   ID for the specific queue.
+    len        Length in bytes of this queue desc.
+    properties List of ``OFPQueueProp*`` instance.
+    ========== =========================================================
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, queue_id, len_):
+        self.queue_id = queue_id
+        self.len = len_
+        self.properties = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, buf, offset):
+        queue_id, len_ = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_PACKET_QUEUE_PQCK_STR, buf, offset)
+        packet_queue = cls(queue_id, len_)
+
+        packet_queue.properties = []
+        cur_len = ofproto.OFP_PACKET_QUEUE_SIZE
+        offset += ofproto.OFP_PACKET_QUEUE_SIZE
+        while (cur_len + ofproto.OFP_QUEUE_PROP_HEADER_SIZE <=
+               packet_queue.len):
+            prop = OFPQueuePropHeader.parser(buf, offset)
+            packet_queue.properties.append(prop)
+
+            cur_len += prop.len
+            offset += prop.len
+
+        return packet_queue
+
+#
+# Symmetric messages
+# parser + serializer
+#
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_HELLO)
+class OFPHello(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Hello message
+
+    When connection is started, the hello message is exchanged between a
+    switch and a controller.
+
+    This message is handled by the Ryu framework, so the Ryu application
+    do not need to process this typically.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPHello, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_ERROR)
+class OFPErrorMsg(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Error message
+
+    The switch notifies controller of problems by this message.
+
+    ========== =========================================================
+    Attribute  Description
+    ========== =========================================================
+    type       High level type of error
+    code       Details depending on the type
+    data       Variable length data depending on the type and code
+    ========== =========================================================
+
+    ``type`` attribute corresponds to ``type_`` parameter of __init__.
+
+    Types and codes are defined in ``ryu.ofproto.ofproto``.
+
+    =========================== ===========
+    Type                        Code
+    =========================== ===========
+    OFPET_HELLO_FAILED          OFPHFC_*
+    OFPET_BAD_REQUEST           OFPBRC_*
+    OFPET_BAD_ACTION            OFPBAC_*
+    OFPET_FLOW_MOD_FAILED       OFPFMFC_*
+    OFPET_PORT_MOD_FAILED       OFPPMFC_*
+    OFPET_QUEUE_OP_FAILED       OFPQOFC_*
+    =========================== ===========
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPErrorMsg,
+                    [HANDSHAKE_DISPATCHER, CONFIG_DISPATCHER, MAIN_DISPATCHER])
+        def error_msg_handler(self, ev):
+            msg = ev.msg
+
+            self.logger.debug('OFPErrorMsg received: type=0x%02x code=0x%02x '
+                              'message=%s',
+                              msg.type, msg.code, utils.hex_array(msg.data))
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, type_=None, code=None, data=None):
+        super(OFPErrorMsg, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.type = type_
+        self.code = code
+        if isinstance(data, six.string_types):
+            data = data.encode('ascii')
+        self.data = data
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+        msg = super(OFPErrorMsg, cls).parser(datapath, version, msg_type,
+                                             msg_len, xid, buf)
+        msg.type, msg.code = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_ERROR_MSG_PACK_STR, msg.buf,
+            ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE)
+        msg.data = msg.buf[ofproto.OFP_ERROR_MSG_SIZE:]
+        return msg
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        assert self.data is not None
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_ERROR_MSG_PACK_STR, self.buf,
+                      ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE, self.type, self.code)
+        self.buf += self.data
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_ECHO_REQUEST)
+class OFPEchoRequest(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Echo request message
+
+    This message is handled by the Ryu framework, so the Ryu application
+    do not need to process this typically.
+
+    ========== =========================================================
+    Attribute  Description
+    ========== =========================================================
+    data       An arbitrary length data.
+    ========== =========================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_echo_request(self, datapath, data):
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPEchoRequest(datapath, data)
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, data=None):
+        super(OFPEchoRequest, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.data = data
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+        msg = super(OFPEchoRequest, cls).parser(datapath, version, msg_type,
+                                                msg_len, xid, buf)
+        msg.data = msg.buf[ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE:]
+        return msg
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        if self.data is not None:
+            self.buf += self.data
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_ECHO_REPLY)
+class OFPEchoReply(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Echo reply message
+
+    This message is handled by the Ryu framework, so the Ryu application
+    do not need to process this typically.
+
+    ========== =========================================================
+    Attribute  Description
+    ========== =========================================================
+    data       An arbitrary length data.
+    ========== =========================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPEchoReply,
+                    [HANDSHAKE_DISPATCHER, CONFIG_DISPATCHER, MAIN_DISPATCHER])
+        def echo_reply_handler(self, ev):
+            self.logger.debug('OFPEchoReply received: data=%s',
+                              utils.hex_array(ev.msg.data))
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, data=None):
+        super(OFPEchoReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.data = data
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+        msg = super(OFPEchoReply, cls).parser(datapath, version, msg_type,
+                                              msg_len, xid, buf)
+        msg.data = msg.buf[ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE:]
+        return msg
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        assert self.data is not None
+        self.buf += self.data
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_VENDOR)
+class OFPVendor(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Vendor message
+
+    The controller send this message to send the vendor-specific
+    information to a switch.
+    """
+    _VENDORS = {}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def register_vendor(id_):
+        def _register_vendor(cls):
+            OFPVendor._VENDORS[id_] = cls
+            return cls
+        return _register_vendor
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPVendor, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.data = None
+        self.vendor = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+        msg = super(OFPVendor, cls).parser(datapath, version, msg_type,
+                                           msg_len, xid, buf)
+        (msg.vendor,) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_VENDOR_HEADER_PACK_STR, msg.buf,
+            ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE)
+
+        cls_ = cls._VENDORS.get(msg.vendor)
+        if cls_:
+            msg.data = cls_.parser(datapath, msg.buf, 0)
+        else:
+            msg.data = msg.buf[ofproto.OFP_VENDOR_HEADER_SIZE:]
+
+        return msg
+
+    def serialize_header(self):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_VENDOR_HEADER_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE, self.vendor)
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        assert self.data is not None
+        self.serialize_header()
+        self.buf += self.data
+
+
+@OFPVendor.register_vendor(ofproto_common.NX_EXPERIMENTER_ID)
+class NiciraHeader(OFPVendor):
+    _NX_SUBTYPES = {}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def register_nx_subtype(subtype):
+        def _register_nx_subtype(cls):
+            cls.cls_subtype = subtype
+            NiciraHeader._NX_SUBTYPES[cls.cls_subtype] = cls
+            return cls
+        return _register_nx_subtype
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, subtype):
+        super(NiciraHeader, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.vendor = ofproto_common.NX_EXPERIMENTER_ID
+        self.subtype = subtype
+
+    def serialize_header(self):
+        super(NiciraHeader, self).serialize_header()
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.NICIRA_HEADER_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE,
+                      self.vendor, self.subtype)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, buf, offset):
+        vendor, subtype = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.NICIRA_HEADER_PACK_STR, buf,
+            offset + ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE)
+        cls_ = cls._NX_SUBTYPES.get(subtype)
+        return cls_.parser(datapath, buf,
+                           offset + ofproto.NICIRA_HEADER_SIZE)
+
+
+class NXTSetFlowFormat(NiciraHeader):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flow_format):
+        super(NXTSetFlowFormat, self).__init__(
+            datapath, ofproto.NXT_SET_FLOW_FORMAT)
+        self.format = flow_format
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        self.serialize_header()
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.NX_SET_FLOW_FORMAT_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.NICIRA_HEADER_SIZE, self.format)
+
+
+class NXTFlowMod(NiciraHeader):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, cookie, command,
+                 idle_timeout=0, hard_timeout=0,
+                 priority=ofproto.OFP_DEFAULT_PRIORITY,
+                 buffer_id=0xffffffff, out_port=ofproto.OFPP_NONE,
+                 flags=0, rule=None, actions=None):
+
+        # the argument, rule, is positioned at the one before the last due
+        # to the layout struct nxt_flow_mod.
+        # Although rule must be given, default argument to rule, None,
+        # is given to allow other default value of argument before rule.
+        assert rule is not None
+
+        if actions is None:
+            actions = []
+        super(NXTFlowMod, self).__init__(datapath, ofproto.NXT_FLOW_MOD)
+        self.cookie = cookie
+        self.command = command
+        self.idle_timeout = idle_timeout
+        self.hard_timeout = hard_timeout
+        self.priority = priority
+        self.buffer_id = buffer_id
+        self.out_port = out_port
+        self.flags = flags
+        self.rule = rule
+        self.actions = actions
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        self.serialize_header()
+
+        offset = ofproto.NX_FLOW_MOD_SIZE
+        match_len = nx_match.serialize_nxm_match(self.rule, self.buf, offset)
+        offset += nx_match.round_up(match_len)
+
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.NX_FLOW_MOD_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.NICIRA_HEADER_SIZE,
+                      self.cookie, self.command, self.idle_timeout,
+                      self.hard_timeout, self.priority, self.buffer_id,
+                      self.out_port, self.flags, match_len)
+
+        if self.actions is not None:
+            for a in self.actions:
+                a.serialize(self.buf, offset)
+                offset += a.len
+
+
+class NXTRoleRequest(NiciraHeader):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, role):
+        super(NXTRoleRequest, self).__init__(
+            datapath, ofproto.NXT_ROLE_REQUEST)
+        self.role = role
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        self.serialize_header()
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.NX_ROLE_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.NICIRA_HEADER_SIZE, self.role)
+
+
+@NiciraHeader.register_nx_subtype(ofproto.NXT_ROLE_REPLY)
+class NXTRoleReply(NiciraHeader):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, role):
+        super(NXTRoleReply, self).__init__(
+            datapath, ofproto.NXT_ROLE_REPLY)
+        self.role = role
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, buf, offset):
+        (role,) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.NX_ROLE_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        return cls(datapath, role)
+
+
+class NXTFlowModTableId(NiciraHeader):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, set_):
+        super(NXTFlowModTableId, self).__init__(
+            datapath, ofproto.NXT_FLOW_MOD_TABLE_ID)
+        self.set = set_
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        self.serialize_header()
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.NX_FLOW_MOD_TABLE_ID_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.NICIRA_HEADER_SIZE,
+                      self.set)
+
+
+@NiciraHeader.register_nx_subtype(ofproto.NXT_FLOW_REMOVED)
+class NXTFlowRemoved(NiciraHeader):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, cookie, priority, reason,
+                 duration_sec, duration_nsec, idle_timeout, match_len,
+                 packet_count, byte_count, match):
+        super(NXTFlowRemoved, self).__init__(
+            datapath, ofproto.NXT_FLOW_REMOVED)
+        self.cookie = cookie
+        self.priority = priority
+        self.reason = reason
+        self.duration_sec = duration_sec
+        self.duration_nsec = duration_nsec
+        self.idle_timeout = idle_timeout
+        self.match_len = match_len
+        self.packet_count = packet_count
+        self.byte_count = byte_count
+        self.match = match
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, buf, offset):
+        (cookie, priority, reason, duration_sec, duration_nsec,
+         idle_timeout, match_len,
+         packet_count, byte_count) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.NX_FLOW_REMOVED_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+        offset += (ofproto.NX_FLOW_REMOVED_SIZE -
+                   ofproto.NICIRA_HEADER_SIZE)
+        match = nx_match.NXMatch.parser(buf, offset, match_len)
+        return cls(datapath, cookie, priority, reason, duration_sec,
+                   duration_nsec, idle_timeout, match_len, packet_count,
+                   byte_count, match)
+
+
+class NXTSetPacketInFormat(NiciraHeader):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, packet_in_format):
+        super(NXTSetPacketInFormat, self).__init__(
+            datapath, ofproto.NXT_SET_PACKET_IN_FORMAT)
+        self.format = packet_in_format
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        self.serialize_header()
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.NX_SET_PACKET_IN_FORMAT_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.NICIRA_HEADER_SIZE,
+                      self.format)
+
+
+@NiciraHeader.register_nx_subtype(ofproto.NXT_PACKET_IN)
+class NXTPacketIn(NiciraHeader):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, buffer_id, total_len, reason, table_id,
+                 cookie, match_len, match, frame):
+        super(NXTPacketIn, self).__init__(
+            datapath, ofproto.NXT_PACKET_IN)
+        self.buffer_id = buffer_id
+        self.total_len = total_len
+        self.reason = reason
+        self.table_id = table_id
+        self.cookie = cookie
+        self.match_len = match_len
+        self.match = match
+        self.frame = frame
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, buf, offset):
+        (buffer_id, total_len, reason, table_id,
+         cookie, match_len) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.NX_PACKET_IN_PACK_STR, buf, offset)
+
+        offset += (ofproto.NX_PACKET_IN_SIZE -
+                   ofproto.NICIRA_HEADER_SIZE)
+
+        match = nx_match.NXMatch.parser(buf, offset, match_len)
+        offset += (match_len + 7) // 8 * 8
+        frame = buf[offset:]
+        if total_len < len(frame):
+            frame = frame[:total_len]
+        return cls(datapath, buffer_id, total_len, reason, table_id,
+                   cookie, match_len, match, frame)
+
+
+class NXTFlowAge(NiciraHeader):
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(NXTFlowAge, self).__init__(
+            datapath, ofproto.NXT_FLOW_AGE)
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        self.serialize_header()
+
+
+class NXTSetAsyncConfig(NiciraHeader):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, packet_in_mask, port_status_mask,
+                 flow_removed_mask):
+        super(NXTSetAsyncConfig, self).__init__(
+            datapath, ofproto.NXT_SET_ASYNC_CONFIG)
+        self.packet_in_mask = packet_in_mask
+        self.port_status_mask = port_status_mask
+        self.flow_removed_mask = flow_removed_mask
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        self.serialize_header()
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.NX_ASYNC_CONFIG_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.NICIRA_HEADER_SIZE,
+                      self.packet_in_mask[0], self.packet_in_mask[1],
+                      self.port_status_mask[0], self.port_status_mask[1],
+                      self.flow_removed_mask[0], self.flow_removed_mask[1])
+
+
+class NXTSetControllerId(NiciraHeader):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, controller_id):
+        super(NXTSetControllerId, self).__init__(
+            datapath, ofproto.NXT_SET_CONTROLLER_ID)
+        self.controller_id = controller_id
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        self.serialize_header()
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.NX_CONTROLLER_ID_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.NICIRA_HEADER_SIZE,
+                      self.controller_id)
+
+
+#
+# asymmetric message (datapath -> controller)
+# parser only
+#
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_FEATURES_REPLY)
+class OFPSwitchFeatures(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Features reply message
+
+    The switch responds with a features reply message to a features
+    request.
+
+    This message is handled by the Ryu framework, so the Ryu application
+    do not need to process this typically.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    datapath_id      Datapath unique ID.
+    n_buffers        Max packets buffered at once.
+    n_tables         Number of tables supported by datapath.
+    capabilities     Bitmap of capabilities flag.
+
+                     | OFPC_FLOW_STATS
+                     | OFPC_TABLE_STATS
+                     | OFPC_PORT_STATS
+                     | OFPC_STP
+                     | OFPC_RESERVED
+                     | OFPC_IP_REASM
+                     | OFPC_QUEUE_STATS
+                     | OFPC_ARP_MATCH_IP
+    actions          Bitmap of supported OFPAT_*.
+    ports            List of ``OFPPhyPort`` instances.
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPSwitchFeatures, CONFIG_DISPATCHER)
+        def switch_features_handler(self, ev):
+            msg = ev.msg
+
+            self.logger.debug('OFPSwitchFeatures received: '
+                              'datapath_id=0x%016x n_buffers=%d '
+                              'n_tables=%d capabilities=0x%08x ports=%s',
+                              msg.datapath_id, msg.n_buffers, msg.n_tables,
+                              msg.capabilities, msg.ports)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, datapath_id=None, n_buffers=None,
+                 n_tables=None, capabilities=None, actions=None, ports=None):
+        super(OFPSwitchFeatures, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.datapath_id = datapath_id
+        self.n_buffers = n_buffers
+        self.n_tables = n_tables
+        self.capabilities = capabilities
+        self.actions = actions
+        self.ports = ports
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+        msg = super(OFPSwitchFeatures, cls).parser(datapath, version, msg_type,
+                                                   msg_len, xid, buf)
+        (msg.datapath_id,
+         msg.n_buffers,
+         msg.n_tables,
+         msg.capabilities,
+         msg.actions) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_SWITCH_FEATURES_PACK_STR, msg.buf,
+            ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE)
+
+        msg.ports = {}
+        n_ports = ((msg_len - ofproto.OFP_SWITCH_FEATURES_SIZE) //
+                   ofproto.OFP_PHY_PORT_SIZE)
+        offset = ofproto.OFP_SWITCH_FEATURES_SIZE
+        for _i in range(n_ports):
+            port = OFPPhyPort.parser(msg.buf, offset)
+            # print 'port = %s' % str(port)
+            msg.ports[port.port_no] = port
+            offset += ofproto.OFP_PHY_PORT_SIZE
+
+        return msg
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_PORT_STATUS)
+class OFPPortStatus(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Port status message
+
+    The switch notifies controller of change of ports.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    reason           One of the following values.
+
+                     | OFPPR_ADD
+                     | OFPPR_DELETE
+                     | OFPPR_MODIFY
+    desc             instance of ``OFPPhyPort``
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPPortStatus, MAIN_DISPATCHER)
+        def port_status_handler(self, ev):
+            msg = ev.msg
+            dp = msg.datapath
+            ofp = dp.ofproto
+
+            if msg.reason == ofp.OFPPR_ADD:
+                reason = 'ADD'
+            elif msg.reason == ofp.OFPPR_DELETE:
+                reason = 'DELETE'
+            elif msg.reason == ofp.OFPPR_MODIFY:
+                reason = 'MODIFY'
+            else:
+                reason = 'unknown'
+
+            self.logger.debug('OFPPortStatus received: reason=%s desc=%s',
+                              reason, msg.desc)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, reason=None, desc=None):
+        super(OFPPortStatus, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.reason = reason
+        self.desc = desc
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+        msg = super(OFPPortStatus, cls).parser(datapath, version, msg_type,
+                                               msg_len, xid, buf)
+        msg.reason = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_PORT_STATUS_PACK_STR,
+            msg.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE)[0]
+        msg.desc = OFPPhyPort.parser(msg.buf,
+                                     ofproto.OFP_PORT_STATUS_DESC_OFFSET)
+        return msg
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_PACKET_IN)
+class OFPPacketIn(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Packet-In message
+
+    The switch sends the packet that received to the controller by this
+    message.
+
+    ============= =========================================================
+    Attribute     Description
+    ============= =========================================================
+    buffer_id     ID assigned by datapath.
+    total_len     Full length of frame.
+    in_port       Port on which frame was received.
+    reason        Reason packet is being sent.
+
+                  | OFPR_NO_MATCH
+                  | OFPR_ACTION
+                  | OFPR_INVALID_TTL
+    data          Ethernet frame.
+    ============= =========================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPPacketIn, MAIN_DISPATCHER)
+        def packet_in_handler(self, ev):
+            msg = ev.msg
+            dp = msg.datapath
+            ofp = dp.ofproto
+
+            if msg.reason == ofp.OFPR_NO_MATCH:
+                reason = 'NO MATCH'
+            elif msg.reason == ofp.OFPR_ACTION:
+                reason = 'ACTION'
+            elif msg.reason == ofp.OFPR_INVALID_TTL:
+                reason = 'INVALID TTL'
+            else:
+                reason = 'unknown'
+
+            self.logger.debug('OFPPacketIn received: '
+                              'buffer_id=%x total_len=%d in_port=%d, '
+                              'reason=%s data=%s',
+                              msg.buffer_id, msg.total_len, msg.in_port,
+                              reason, utils.hex_array(msg.data))
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, buffer_id=None, total_len=None, in_port=None,
+                 reason=None, data=None):
+        super(OFPPacketIn, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.buffer_id = buffer_id
+        self.total_len = total_len
+        self.in_port = in_port
+        self.reason = reason
+        self.data = data
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+        msg = super(OFPPacketIn, cls).parser(datapath, version, msg_type,
+                                             msg_len, xid, buf)
+        (msg.buffer_id,
+         msg.total_len,
+         msg.in_port,
+         msg.reason) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_PACKET_IN_PACK_STR,
+            msg.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE)
+        msg.data = msg.buf[ofproto.OFP_PACKET_IN_SIZE:]
+        if msg.total_len < len(msg.data):
+            # discard padding for 8-byte alignment of OFP packet
+            msg.data = msg.data[:msg.total_len]
+        return msg
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_GET_CONFIG_REPLY)
+class OFPGetConfigReply(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Get config reply message
+
+    The switch responds to a configuration request with a get config reply
+    message.
+
+    ============= =========================================================
+    Attribute     Description
+    ============= =========================================================
+    flags         One of the following configuration flags.
+
+                  | OFPC_FRAG_NORMAL
+                  | OFPC_FRAG_DROP
+                  | OFPC_FRAG_REASM
+                  | OFPC_FRAG_MASK
+    miss_send_len Max bytes of new flow that datapath should send to the
+                  controller.
+    ============= =========================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPGetConfigReply, MAIN_DISPATCHER)
+        def get_config_reply_handler(self, ev):
+            msg = ev.msg
+            dp = msg.datapath
+            ofp = dp.ofproto
+
+            if msg.flags == ofp.OFPC_FRAG_NORMAL:
+                flags = 'NORMAL'
+            elif msg.flags == ofp.OFPC_FRAG_DROP:
+                flags = 'DROP'
+            elif msg.flags == ofp.OFPC_FRAG_REASM:
+                flags = 'REASM'
+            elif msg.flags == ofp.OFPC_FRAG_MASK:
+                flags = 'MASK'
+            else:
+                flags = 'unknown'
+            self.logger.debug('OFPGetConfigReply received: '
+                              'flags=%s miss_send_len=%d',
+                              flags, msg.miss_send_len)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPGetConfigReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+        msg = super(OFPGetConfigReply, cls).parser(datapath, version, msg_type,
+                                                   msg_len, xid, buf)
+        (msg.flags, msg.miss_send_len) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_SWITCH_CONFIG_PACK_STR,
+            msg.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE)
+        return msg
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_BARRIER_REPLY)
+class OFPBarrierReply(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Barrier reply message
+
+    The switch responds with this message to a barrier request.
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPBarrierReply, MAIN_DISPATCHER)
+        def barrier_reply_handler(self, ev):
+            self.logger.debug('OFPBarrierReply received')
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPBarrierReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_FLOW_REMOVED)
+class OFPFlowRemoved(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Flow removed message
+
+    When flow entries time out or are deleted, the switch notifies controller
+    with this message.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    match            Instance of ``OFPMatch``.
+    cookie           Opaque controller-issued identifier.
+    priority         Priority level of flow entry.
+    reason           One of the following values.
+
+                     | OFPRR_IDLE_TIMEOUT
+                     | OFPRR_HARD_TIMEOUT
+                     | OFPRR_DELETE
+    duration_sec     Time flow was alive in seconds.
+    duration_nsec    Time flow was alive in nanoseconds
+                     beyond duration_sec.
+    idle_timeout     Idle timeout from original flow mod.
+    packet_count     Number of packets that was associated with the flow.
+    byte_count       Number of bytes that was associated with the flow.
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPFlowRemoved, MAIN_DISPATCHER)
+        def flow_removed_handler(self, ev):
+            msg = ev.msg
+            dp = msg.datapath
+            ofp = dp.ofproto
+
+            if msg.reason == ofp.OFPRR_IDLE_TIMEOUT:
+                reason = 'IDLE TIMEOUT'
+            elif msg.reason == ofp.OFPRR_HARD_TIMEOUT:
+                reason = 'HARD TIMEOUT'
+            elif msg.reason == ofp.OFPRR_DELETE:
+                reason = 'DELETE'
+            elif msg.reason == ofp.OFPRR_GROUP_DELETE:
+                reason = 'GROUP DELETE'
+            else:
+                reason = 'unknown'
+
+            self.logger.debug('OFPFlowRemoved received: '
+                              'match=%s cookie=%d priority=%d reason=%s '
+                              'duration_sec=%d duration_nsec=%d '
+                              'idle_timeout=%d packet_count=%d byte_count=%d',
+                              msg.match, msg.cookie, msg.priority, reason,
+                              msg.duration_sec, msg.duration_nsec,
+                              msg.idle_timeout, msg.packet_count,
+                              msg.byte_count)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPFlowRemoved, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+        msg = super(OFPFlowRemoved, cls).parser(datapath, version, msg_type,
+                                                msg_len, xid, buf)
+
+        msg.match = OFPMatch.parse(msg.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE)
+
+        (msg.cookie,
+         msg.priority,
+         msg.reason,
+         msg.duration_sec,
+         msg.duration_nsec,
+         msg.idle_timeout,
+         msg.packet_count,
+         msg.byte_count) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_FLOW_REMOVED_PACK_STR0, msg.buf,
+            ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE + ofproto.OFP_MATCH_SIZE)
+
+        return msg
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REPLY)
+class OFPQueueGetConfigReply(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Queue configuration reply message
+
+    The switch responds with this message to a queue configuration request.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    port             Port to be queried.
+    queues           List of ``OFPPacketQueue`` instance.
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPQueueGetConfigReply, MAIN_DISPATCHER)
+        def queue_get_config_reply_handler(self, ev):
+            msg = ev.msg
+
+            self.logger.debug('OFPQueueGetConfigReply received: '
+                              'port=%s queues=%s',
+                              msg.port, msg.queues)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPQueueGetConfigReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+        msg = super(OFPQueueGetConfigReply, cls).parser(
+            datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf)
+
+        offset = ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE
+        (msg.port,) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REPLY_PACK_STR, msg.buf, offset)
+
+        msg.queues = []
+        offset = ofproto.OFP_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REPLY_SIZE
+        while offset + ofproto.OFP_PACKET_QUEUE_SIZE <= msg_len:
+            queue = OFPPacketQueue.parser(msg.buf, offset)
+            msg.queues.append(queue)
+
+            offset += queue.len
+
+        return msg
+
+
+def _set_stats_type(stats_type, stats_body_cls):
+    def _set_cls_stats_type(cls):
+        cls.cls_stats_type = stats_type
+        cls.cls_stats_body_cls = stats_body_cls
+        return cls
+    return _set_cls_stats_type
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REPLY)
+class OFPStatsReply(MsgBase):
+    _STATS_MSG_TYPES = {}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def register_stats_type(body_single_struct=False):
+        def _register_stats_type(cls):
+            assert cls.cls_stats_type is not None
+            assert cls.cls_stats_type not in OFPStatsReply._STATS_MSG_TYPES
+            assert cls.cls_stats_body_cls is not None
+            cls.cls_body_single_struct = body_single_struct
+            OFPStatsReply._STATS_MSG_TYPES[cls.cls_stats_type] = cls
+            return cls
+        return _register_stats_type
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPStatsReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.type = None
+        self.flags = None
+        self.body = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser_stats_body(cls, buf, msg_len, offset):
+        body_cls = cls.cls_stats_body_cls
+        body = []
+        while offset < msg_len:
+            entry = body_cls.parser(buf, offset)
+            body.append(entry)
+            offset += entry.length
+
+        if cls.cls_body_single_struct:
+            return body[0]
+        return body
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser_stats(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+        # call MsgBase::parser, not OFPStatsReply::parser
+        msg = MsgBase.parser.__func__(
+            cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf)
+        msg.body = msg.parser_stats_body(msg.buf, msg.msg_len,
+                                         ofproto.OFP_STATS_MSG_SIZE)
+        return msg
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+        type_, flags = struct.unpack_from(ofproto.OFP_STATS_MSG_PACK_STR,
+                                          six.binary_type(buf),
+                                          ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE)
+        stats_type_cls = cls._STATS_MSG_TYPES.get(type_)
+        msg = stats_type_cls.parser_stats(
+            datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf)
+        msg.type = type_
+        msg.flags = flags
+        return msg
+
+
+@OFPStatsReply.register_stats_type(body_single_struct=True)
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_DESC, OFPDescStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REPLY)
+class OFPDescStatsReply(OFPStatsReply):
+    """
+    Description statistics reply message
+
+    The switch responds with a stats reply that include this message to
+    a description statistics request.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    mfr_desc         Manufacturer description.
+    hw_desc          Hardware description.
+    sw_desc          Software description.
+    serial_num       Serial number.
+    dp_desc          Human readable description of datapath.
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPDescStatsReply, MAIN_DISPATCHER)
+        def desc_stats_reply_handler(self, ev):
+            msg = ev.msg
+            ofp = msg.datapath.ofproto
+            body = ev.msg.body
+
+            self.logger.debug('DescStats: mfr_desc=%s hw_desc=%s sw_desc=%s '
+                              'serial_num=%s dp_desc=%s',
+                              body.mfr_desc, body.hw_desc, body.sw_desc,
+                              body.serial_num, body.dp_desc)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPDescStatsReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+
+@OFPStatsReply.register_stats_type()
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_FLOW, OFPFlowStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REPLY)
+class OFPFlowStatsReply(OFPStatsReply):
+    """
+    Individual flow statistics reply message
+
+    The switch responds with a stats reply that include this message to
+    an individual flow statistics request.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    table_id         ID of table flow came from.
+    match            Instance of ``OFPMatch``.
+    duration_sec     Time flow has been alive in seconds.
+    duration_nsec    Time flow has been alive in nanoseconds beyond
+                     duration_sec.
+    priority         Priority of the entry. Only meaningful
+                     when this is not an exact-match entry.
+    idle_timeout     Number of seconds idle before expiration.
+    hard_timeout     Number of seconds before expiration.
+    cookie           Opaque controller-issued identifier.
+    packet_count     Number of packets in flow.
+    byte_count       Number of bytes in flow.
+    actions          List of ``OFPAction*`` instance
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPFlowStatsReply, MAIN_DISPATCHER)
+        def flow_stats_reply_handler(self, ev):
+            msg = ev.msg
+            ofp = msg.datapath.ofproto
+            body = ev.msg.body
+
+            flows = []
+            for stat in body:
+                flows.append('table_id=%s match=%s '
+                             'duration_sec=%d duration_nsec=%d '
+                             'priority=%d '
+                             'idle_timeout=%d hard_timeout=%d '
+                             'cookie=%d packet_count=%d byte_count=%d '
+                             'actions=%s' %
+                             (stat.table_id, stat.match,
+                              stat.duration_sec, stat.duration_nsec,
+                              stat.priority,
+                              stat.idle_timeout, stat.hard_timeout,
+                              stat.cookie, stat.packet_count, stat.byte_count,
+                              stat.actions))
+            self.logger.debug('FlowStats: %s', flows)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPFlowStatsReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+
+@OFPStatsReply.register_stats_type()
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_AGGREGATE, OFPAggregateStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REPLY)
+class OFPAggregateStatsReply(OFPStatsReply):
+    """
+    Aggregate flow statistics reply message
+
+    The switch responds with a stats reply that include this message to
+    an aggregate flow statistics request.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    packet_count     Number of packets in flows.
+    byte_count       Number of bytes in flows.
+    flow_count       Number of flows.
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPAggregateStatsReply, MAIN_DISPATCHER)
+        def aggregate_stats_reply_handler(self, ev):
+            msg = ev.msg
+            ofp = msg.datapath.ofproto
+            body = ev.msg.body
+
+            self.logger.debug('AggregateStats: packet_count=%d byte_count=%d '
+                              'flow_count=%d',
+                              body.packet_count, body.byte_count,
+                              body.flow_count)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPAggregateStatsReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+
+@OFPStatsReply.register_stats_type()
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_TABLE, OFPTableStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REPLY)
+class OFPTableStatsReply(OFPStatsReply):
+    """
+    Table statistics reply message
+
+    The switch responds with a stats reply that include this message to
+    a table statistics request.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    table_id         ID of table.
+    name             table name.
+    wildcards        Bitmap of OFPFW_* wildcards that are
+                     supported by the table.
+    max_entries      Max number of entries supported
+    active_count     Number of active entries
+    lookup_count     Number of packets looked up in table
+    matched_count    Number of packets that hit table
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPTableStatsReply, MAIN_DISPATCHER)
+        def stats_reply_handler(self, ev):
+            msg = ev.msg
+            ofp = msg.datapath.ofproto
+            body = ev.msg.body
+
+            tables = []
+            for stat in body:
+                tables.append('table_id=%d name=%s wildcards=0x%02x '
+                              'max_entries=%d active_count=%d '
+                              'lookup_count=%d matched_count=%d' %
+                              (stat.table_id, stat.name, stat.wildcards,
+                               stat.max_entries, stat.active_count,
+                               stat.lookup_count, stat.matched_count))
+            self.logger.debug('TableStats: %s', tables)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPTableStatsReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+
+@OFPStatsReply.register_stats_type()
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_PORT, OFPPortStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REPLY)
+class OFPPortStatsReply(OFPStatsReply):
+    """
+    Port statistics reply message
+
+    The switch responds with a stats reply that include this message to
+    a port statistics request.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    port_no          Port number.
+    rx_packets       Number of received packets.
+    tx_packets       Number of transmitted packets.
+    rx_bytes         Number of received bytes.
+    tx_bytes         Number of transmitted bytes.
+    rx_dropped       Number of packets dropped by RX.
+    tx_dropped       Number of packets dropped by TX.
+    rx_errors        Number of receive errors.
+    tx_errors        Number of transmit errors.
+    rx_frame_err     Number of frame alignment errors.
+    rx_over_err      Number of packet with RX overrun.
+    rx_crc_err       Number of CRC errors.
+    collisions       Number of collisions.
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPPortStatsReply, MAIN_DISPATCHER)
+        def port_stats_reply_handler(self, ev):
+            msg = ev.msg
+            ofp = msg.datapath.ofproto
+            body = ev.msg.body
+
+            ports = []
+            for stat in body:
+                ports.append('port_no=%d '
+                             'rx_packets=%d tx_packets=%d '
+                             'rx_bytes=%d tx_bytes=%d '
+                             'rx_dropped=%d tx_dropped=%d '
+                             'rx_errors=%d tx_errors=%d '
+                             'rx_frame_err=%d rx_over_err=%d rx_crc_err=%d '
+                             'collisions=%d' %
+                             (stat.port_no,
+                              stat.rx_packets, stat.tx_packets,
+                              stat.rx_bytes, stat.tx_bytes,
+                              stat.rx_dropped, stat.tx_dropped,
+                              stat.rx_errors, stat.tx_errors,
+                              stat.rx_frame_err, stat.rx_over_err,
+                              stat.rx_crc_err, stat.collisions))
+            self.logger.debug('PortStats: %s', ports)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPPortStatsReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+
+@OFPStatsReply.register_stats_type()
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_QUEUE, OFPQueueStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REPLY)
+class OFPQueueStatsReply(OFPStatsReply):
+    """
+    Queue statistics reply message
+
+    The switch responds with a stats reply that include this message to
+    an aggregate flow statistics request.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    port_no          Port number.
+    queue_id         ID of queue.
+    tx_bytes         Number of transmitted bytes.
+    tx_packets       Number of transmitted packets.
+    tx_errors        Number of packets dropped due to overrun.
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPQueueStatsReply, MAIN_DISPATCHER)
+        def stats_reply_handler(self, ev):
+            msg = ev.msg
+            ofp = msg.datapath.ofproto
+            body = ev.msg.body
+
+            queues = []
+            for stat in body:
+                queues.append('port_no=%d queue_id=%d '
+                              'tx_bytes=%d tx_packets=%d tx_errors=%d ' %
+                              (stat.port_no, stat.queue_id,
+                               stat.tx_bytes, stat.tx_packets, stat.tx_errors))
+            self.logger.debug('QueueStats: %s', queues)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPQueueStatsReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+
+@OFPStatsReply.register_stats_type()
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_VENDOR, OFPVendorStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REPLY)
+class OFPVendorStatsReply(OFPStatsReply):
+    """
+    Vendor statistics reply message
+
+    The switch responds with a stats reply that include this message to
+    an vendor statistics request.
+    """
+    _STATS_VENDORS = {}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def register_stats_vendor(vendor):
+        def _register_stats_vendor(cls):
+            cls.cls_vendor = vendor
+            OFPVendorStatsReply._STATS_VENDORS[cls.cls_vendor] = cls
+            return cls
+        return _register_stats_vendor
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPVendorStatsReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser_stats(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid,
+                     buf):
+        (type_,) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_VENDOR_STATS_MSG_PACK_STR, six.binary_type(buf),
+            ofproto.OFP_STATS_MSG_SIZE)
+
+        cls_ = cls._STATS_VENDORS.get(type_)
+
+        if cls_ is None:
+            msg = MsgBase.parser.__func__(
+                cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf)
+            body_cls = cls.cls_stats_body_cls
+            body = body_cls.parser(buf,
+                                   ofproto.OFP_STATS_MSG_SIZE)
+            msg.body = body
+            return msg
+
+        return cls_.parser(
+            datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf,
+            ofproto.OFP_VENDOR_STATS_MSG_SIZE)
+
+
+@OFPVendorStatsReply.register_stats_vendor(ofproto_common.NX_EXPERIMENTER_ID)
+class NXStatsReply(OFPStatsReply):
+    _NX_STATS_TYPES = {}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def register_nx_stats_type(body_single_struct=False):
+        def _register_nx_stats_type(cls):
+            assert cls.cls_stats_type is not None
+            assert cls.cls_stats_type not in \
+                NXStatsReply._NX_STATS_TYPES
+            assert cls.cls_stats_body_cls is not None
+            cls.cls_body_single_struct = body_single_struct
+            NXStatsReply._NX_STATS_TYPES[cls.cls_stats_type] = cls
+            return cls
+        return _register_nx_stats_type
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser_stats_body(cls, buf, msg_len, offset):
+        body_cls = cls.cls_stats_body_cls
+        body = []
+        while offset < msg_len:
+            entry = body_cls.parser(buf, offset)
+            body.append(entry)
+            offset += entry.length
+
+        if cls.cls_body_single_struct:
+            return body[0]
+        return body
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser_stats(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid,
+                     buf, offset):
+        msg = MsgBase.parser.__func__(
+            cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf)
+        msg.body = msg.parser_stats_body(msg.buf, msg.msg_len, offset)
+
+        return msg
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf,
+               offset):
+        (type_,) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.NX_STATS_MSG_PACK_STR, six.binary_type(buf), offset)
+        offset += ofproto.NX_STATS_MSG0_SIZE
+
+        cls_ = cls._NX_STATS_TYPES.get(type_)
+
+        msg = cls_.parser_stats(
+            datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf, offset)
+
+        return msg
+
+
+@NXStatsReply.register_nx_stats_type()
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.NXST_FLOW, NXFlowStats)
+class NXFlowStatsReply(NXStatsReply):
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(NXFlowStatsReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+
+@NXStatsReply.register_nx_stats_type()
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.NXST_AGGREGATE, NXAggregateStats)
+class NXAggregateStatsReply(NXStatsReply):
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(NXAggregateStatsReply, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+
+#
+# controller-to-switch message
+# serializer only
+#
+
+
+@_set_msg_reply(OFPSwitchFeatures)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_FEATURES_REQUEST)
+class OFPFeaturesRequest(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Features request message
+
+    The controller sends a feature request to the switch upon session
+    establishment.
+
+    This message is handled by the Ryu framework, so the Ryu application
+    do not need to process this typically.
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_features_request(self, datapath):
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPFeaturesRequest(datapath)
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPFeaturesRequest, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_GET_CONFIG_REQUEST)
+class OFPGetConfigRequest(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Get config request message
+
+    The controller sends a get config request to query configuration
+    parameters in the switch.
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_get_config_request(self, datapath):
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPGetConfigRequest(datapath)
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPGetConfigRequest, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_SET_CONFIG)
+class OFPSetConfig(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Set config request message
+
+    The controller sends a set config request message to set configuraion
+    parameters.
+
+    ============= =========================================================
+    Attribute     Description
+    ============= =========================================================
+    flags         One of the following configuration flags.
+
+                  | OFPC_FRAG_NORMAL
+                  | OFPC_FRAG_DROP
+                  | OFPC_FRAG_REASM
+                  | OFPC_FRAG_MASK
+    miss_send_len Max bytes of new flow that datapath should send to the
+                  controller.
+    ============= =========================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_set_config(self, datapath):
+            ofp = datapath.ofproto
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPSetConfig(datapath, ofp.OFPC_FRAG_NORMAL, 256)
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flags=None, miss_send_len=None):
+        super(OFPSetConfig, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.flags = flags
+        self.miss_send_len = miss_send_len
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        assert self.flags is not None
+        assert self.miss_send_len is not None
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_SWITCH_CONFIG_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE,
+                      self.flags, self.miss_send_len)
+
+
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_PACKET_OUT)
+class OFPPacketOut(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Packet-Out message
+
+    The controller uses this message to send a packet out throught the
+    switch.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    buffer_id        ID assigned by datapath (0xffffffff if none).
+    in_port          Packet's input port (OFPP_NONE if none).
+    actions          ist of ``OFPAction*`` instance.
+    data             Packet data of a binary type value or
+                     an instances of packet.Packet.
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_packet_out(self, datapath):
+            ofp = datapath.ofproto
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            buffer_id = 0xffffffff
+            in_port = ofp.OFPP_NONE
+            actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofp.OFPP_FLOOD, 0)]
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPPacketOut(datapath, buffer_id,
+                                          in_port, actions)
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, buffer_id=None, in_port=None, actions=None,
+                 data=None):
+        super(OFPPacketOut, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.buffer_id = buffer_id
+        self.in_port = in_port
+        self._actions_len = None
+        self.actions = actions
+        self.data = data
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        assert self.buffer_id is not None
+        assert self.in_port is not None
+        assert self.actions is not None
+
+        self._actions_len = 0
+        offset = ofproto.OFP_PACKET_OUT_SIZE
+        for a in self.actions:
+            a.serialize(self.buf, offset)
+            offset += a.len
+            self._actions_len += a.len
+
+        if self.data is not None:
+            assert self.buffer_id == 0xffffffff
+            if isinstance(self.data, packet.Packet):
+                self.data.serialize()
+                self.buf += self.data.data
+            else:
+                self.buf += self.data
+
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_PACKET_OUT_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE,
+                      self.buffer_id, self.in_port, self._actions_len)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_jsondict(cls, dict_, decode_string=base64.b64decode,
+                      **additional_args):
+        if isinstance(dict_['data'], dict):
+            data = dict_.pop('data')
+            ins = super(OFPPacketOut, cls).from_jsondict(dict_,
+                                                         decode_string,
+                                                         **additional_args)
+            ins.data = packet.Packet.from_jsondict(data['Packet'])
+            dict_['data'] = data
+        else:
+            ins = super(OFPPacketOut, cls).from_jsondict(dict_,
+                                                         decode_string,
+                                                         **additional_args)
+
+        return ins
+
+
+@_register_parser
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_FLOW_MOD)
+class OFPFlowMod(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Modify Flow entry message
+
+    The controller sends this message to modify the flow table.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    match            Instance of ``OFPMatch``.
+    cookie           Opaque controller-issued identifier.
+    command          One of the following values.
+
+                     | OFPFC_ADD
+                     | OFPFC_MODIFY
+                     | OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT
+                     | OFPFC_DELETE
+                     | OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT
+    idle_timeout     Idle time before discarding (seconds).
+    hard_timeout     Max time before discarding (seconds).
+    priority         Priority level of flow entry.
+    buffer_id        Buffered packet to apply to (or 0xffffffff).
+                     Not meaningful for OFPFC_DELETE*.
+    out_port         For OFPFC_DELETE* commands, require
+                     matching entries to include this as an
+                     output port. A value of OFPP_NONE
+                     indicates no restriction.
+    flags            One of the following values.
+
+                     | OFPFF_SEND_FLOW_REM
+                     | OFPFF_CHECK_OVERLAP
+                     | OFPFF_EMERG
+    actions          List of ``OFPAction*`` instance.
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_flow_mod(self, datapath):
+            ofp = datapath.ofproto
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            match = ofp_parser.OFPMatch(in_port=1)
+            cookie = 0
+            command = ofp.OFPFC_ADD
+            idle_timeout = hard_timeout = 0
+            priority = 32768
+            buffer_id = 0xffffffff
+            out_port = ofproto.OFPP_NONE
+            flags = 0
+            actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofp.OFPP_NORMAL, 0)]
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPFlowMod(
+                datapath, match, cookie, command, idle_timeout, hard_timeout,
+                priority, buffer_id, out_port, flags, actions)
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, match=None, cookie=0,
+                 command=ofproto.OFPFC_ADD,
+                 idle_timeout=0, hard_timeout=0,
+                 priority=ofproto.OFP_DEFAULT_PRIORITY,
+                 buffer_id=0xffffffff, out_port=ofproto.OFPP_NONE,
+                 flags=0, actions=None):
+        super(OFPFlowMod, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.match = OFPMatch() if match is None else match
+        self.cookie = cookie
+        self.command = command
+        self.idle_timeout = idle_timeout
+        self.hard_timeout = hard_timeout
+        self.priority = priority
+        self.buffer_id = buffer_id
+        self.out_port = out_port
+        self.flags = flags
+        self.actions = [] if actions is None else actions
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        offset = ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE
+        self.match.serialize(self.buf, offset)
+
+        offset += ofproto.OFP_MATCH_SIZE
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_FLOW_MOD_PACK_STR0, self.buf, offset,
+                      self.cookie, self.command,
+                      self.idle_timeout, self.hard_timeout,
+                      self.priority, self.buffer_id, self.out_port,
+                      self.flags)
+
+        offset = ofproto.OFP_FLOW_MOD_SIZE
+        if self.actions is not None:
+            for a in self.actions:
+                a.serialize(self.buf, offset)
+                offset += a.len
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parser(cls, datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf):
+        msg = super(OFPFlowMod, cls).parser(
+            datapath, version, msg_type, msg_len, xid, buf)
+        offset = ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE
+
+        msg.match = OFPMatch.parse(msg.buf, offset)
+        offset += ofproto.OFP_MATCH_SIZE
+
+        (msg.cookie, msg.command, msg.idle_timeout, msg.hard_timeout,
+         msg.priority, msg.buffer_id, msg.out_port,
+         msg.flags) = struct.unpack_from(
+            ofproto.OFP_FLOW_MOD_PACK_STR0, msg.buf, offset)
+        offset = ofproto.OFP_FLOW_MOD_SIZE
+
+        actions = []
+        while offset < msg_len:
+            a = OFPAction.parser(buf, offset)
+            actions.append(a)
+            offset += a.len
+        msg.actions = actions
+
+        return msg
+
+
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_PORT_MOD)
+class OFPPortMod(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Port modification message
+
+    The controller send this message to modify the behavior of the port.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    port_no          Port number to modify.
+    hw_addr          The hardware address that must be the same as hw_addr
+                     of ``OFPPhyPort`` of ``OFPSwitchFeatures``.
+    config           Bitmap of configuration flags.
+
+                     | OFPPC_PORT_DOWN
+                     | OFPPC_NO_STP
+                     | OFPPC_NO_RECV
+                     | OFPPC_NO_RECV_STP
+                     | OFPPC_NO_FLOOD
+                     | OFPPC_NO_FWD
+                     | OFPPC_NO_PACKET_IN
+    mask             Bitmap of configuration flags above to be changed
+    advertise        Bitmap of the following flags.
+
+                     | OFPPF_10MB_HD
+                     | OFPPF_10MB_FD
+                     | OFPPF_100MB_HD
+                     | OFPPF_100MB_FD
+                     | OFPPF_1GB_HD
+                     | OFPPF_1GB_FD
+                     | OFPPF_10GB_FD
+                     | OFPPF_COPPER
+                     | OFPPF_FIBER
+                     | OFPPF_AUTONEG
+                     | OFPPF_PAUSE
+                     | OFPPF_PAUSE_ASYM
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_port_mod(self, datapath):
+            ofp = datapath.ofproto
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            port_no = 3
+            hw_addr = 'fa:c8:e8:76:1d:7e'
+            config = 0
+            mask = (ofp.OFPPC_PORT_DOWN | ofp.OFPPC_NO_RECV |
+                    ofp.OFPPC_NO_FWD | ofp.OFPPC_NO_PACKET_IN)
+            advertise = (ofp.OFPPF_10MB_HD | ofp.OFPPF_100MB_FD |
+                         ofp.OFPPF_1GB_FD | ofp.OFPPF_COPPER |
+                         ofp.OFPPF_AUTONEG | ofp.OFPPF_PAUSE |
+                         ofp.OFPPF_PAUSE_ASYM)
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPPortMod(datapath, port_no, hw_addr, config,
+                                        mask, advertise)
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+    _TYPE = {
+        'ascii': [
+            'hw_addr',
+        ]
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, port_no=0, hw_addr='00:00:00:00:00:00',
+                 config=0, mask=0, advertise=0):
+        super(OFPPortMod, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.port_no = port_no
+        self.hw_addr = hw_addr
+        self.config = config
+        self.mask = mask
+        self.advertise = advertise
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_PORT_MOD_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE,
+                      self.port_no, addrconv.mac.text_to_bin(self.hw_addr),
+                      self.config, self.mask, self.advertise)
+
+
+@_set_msg_reply(OFPBarrierReply)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_BARRIER_REQUEST)
+class OFPBarrierRequest(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Barrier request message
+
+    The controller sends this message to ensure message dependencies have
+    been met or receive notifications for completed operations.
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_barrier_request(self, datapath):
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPBarrierRequest(datapath)
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath):
+        super(OFPBarrierRequest, self).__init__(datapath)
+
+
+@_set_msg_reply(OFPQueueGetConfigReply)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REQUEST)
+class OFPQueueGetConfigRequest(MsgBase):
+    """
+    Queue configuration request message
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    port             Port to be queried. Should refer
+                     to a valid physical port (i.e. < OFPP_MAX).
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_queue_get_config_request(self, datapath):
+            ofp = datapath.ofproto
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPQueueGetConfigRequest(datapath,
+                                                      ofp.OFPP_NONE)
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, port):
+        super(OFPQueueGetConfigRequest, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.port = port
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REQUEST_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE, self.port)
+
+
+class OFPStatsRequest(MsgBase):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flags):
+        assert flags == 0       # none yet defined
+
+        super(OFPStatsRequest, self).__init__(datapath)
+        self.type = self.__class__.cls_stats_type
+        self.flags = flags
+
+    def _serialize_stats_body(self):
+        pass
+
+    def _serialize_body(self):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_STATS_MSG_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.OFP_HEADER_SIZE,
+                      self.type, self.flags)
+        self._serialize_stats_body()
+
+
+@_set_msg_reply(OFPDescStatsReply)
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_DESC, OFPDescStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REQUEST)
+class OFPDescStatsRequest(OFPStatsRequest):
+    """
+    Description statistics request message
+
+    The controller uses this message to query description of the switch.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    flags            Zero (none yet defined in the spec).
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_desc_stats_request(self, datapath):
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPDescStatsRequest(datapath)
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flags):
+        super(OFPDescStatsRequest, self).__init__(datapath, flags)
+
+
+class OFPFlowStatsRequestBase(OFPStatsRequest):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flags, match, table_id, out_port):
+        super(OFPFlowStatsRequestBase, self).__init__(datapath, flags)
+        self.match = match
+        self.table_id = table_id
+        self.out_port = out_port
+
+    def _serialize_stats_body(self):
+        offset = ofproto.OFP_STATS_MSG_SIZE
+        self.match.serialize(self.buf, offset)
+
+        offset += ofproto.OFP_MATCH_SIZE
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_FLOW_STATS_REQUEST_ID_PORT_STR,
+                      self.buf, offset, self.table_id, self.out_port)
+
+
+@_set_msg_reply(OFPFlowStatsReply)
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_FLOW, OFPFlowStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REQUEST)
+class OFPFlowStatsRequest(OFPFlowStatsRequestBase):
+    """
+    Individual flow statistics request message
+
+    The controller uses this message to query individual flow statistics.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    flags            Zero (none yet defined in the spec).
+    match            Instance of ``OFPMatch``.
+    table_id         ID of table to read (from ofp_table_stats),
+                     0xff for all tables or 0xfe for emergency.
+    out_port         Require matching entries to include this
+                     as an output port. A value of OFPP_NONE
+                     indicates no restriction.
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_flow_stats_request(self, datapath):
+            ofp = datapath.ofproto
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            match = ofp_parser.OFPMatch(in_port=1)
+            table_id = 0xff
+            out_port = ofp.OFPP_NONE
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPFlowStatsRequest(
+                datapath, 0, match, table_id, out_port)
+
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flags, match, table_id, out_port):
+        super(OFPFlowStatsRequest, self).__init__(
+            datapath, flags, match, table_id, out_port)
+
+
+@_set_msg_reply(OFPAggregateStatsReply)
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_AGGREGATE, OFPAggregateStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REQUEST)
+class OFPAggregateStatsRequest(OFPFlowStatsRequestBase):
+    """
+    Aggregate flow statistics request message
+
+    The controller uses this message to query aggregate flow statictics.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    flags            Zero (none yet defined in the spec).
+    match            Fields to match.
+    table_id         ID of table to read (from ofp_table_stats)
+                     0xff for all tables or 0xfe for emergency.
+    out_port         Require matching entries to include this
+                     as an output port. A value of OFPP_NONE
+                     indicates no restriction.
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_aggregate_stats_request(self, datapath):
+            ofp = datapath.ofproto
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            cookie = cookie_mask = 0
+            match = ofp_parser.OFPMatch(in_port=1)
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPAggregateStatsRequest(
+                datapath, 0, match, 0xff, ofp.OFPP_NONE)
+
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flags, match, table_id, out_port):
+        super(OFPAggregateStatsRequest, self).__init__(
+            datapath, flags, match, table_id, out_port)
+
+
+@_set_msg_reply(OFPTableStatsReply)
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_TABLE, OFPTableStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REQUEST)
+class OFPTableStatsRequest(OFPStatsRequest):
+    """
+    Table statistics request message
+
+    The controller uses this message to query flow table statictics.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    flags            Zero (none yet defined in the spec).
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_table_stats_request(self, datapath):
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPTableStatsRequest(datapath)
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flags):
+        super(OFPTableStatsRequest, self).__init__(datapath, flags)
+
+
+@_set_msg_reply(OFPPortStatsReply)
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_PORT, OFPPortStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REQUEST)
+class OFPPortStatsRequest(OFPStatsRequest):
+    """
+    Port statistics request message
+
+    The controller uses this message to query information about ports
+    statistics.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    flags            Zero (none yet defined in the spec).
+    port_no          Port number to read (OFPP_NONE to all ports).
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_port_stats_request(self, datapath):
+            ofp = datapath.ofproto
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPPortStatsRequest(datapath, 0, ofp.OFPP_ANY)
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flags, port_no):
+        super(OFPPortStatsRequest, self).__init__(datapath, flags)
+        self.port_no = port_no
+
+    def _serialize_stats_body(self):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_PORT_STATS_REQUEST_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.OFP_STATS_MSG_SIZE, self.port_no)
+
+
+@_set_msg_reply(OFPQueueStatsReply)
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_QUEUE, OFPQueueStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REQUEST)
+class OFPQueueStatsRequest(OFPStatsRequest):
+    """
+    Queue statistics request message
+
+    The controller uses this message to query queue statictics.
+
+    ================ ======================================================
+    Attribute        Description
+    ================ ======================================================
+    flags            Zero (none yet defined in the spec)
+    port_no          Port number to read (All ports if OFPT_ALL).
+    queue_id         ID of queue to read (All queues if OFPQ_ALL).
+    ================ ======================================================
+
+    Example::
+
+        def send_queue_stats_request(self, datapath):
+            ofp = datapath.ofproto
+            ofp_parser = datapath.ofproto_parser
+
+            req = ofp_parser.OFPQueueStatsRequest(datapath, 0, ofp.OFPT_ALL,
+                                                  ofp.OFPQ_ALL)
+            datapath.send_msg(req)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flags, port_no, queue_id):
+        super(OFPQueueStatsRequest, self).__init__(datapath, flags)
+        self.port_no = port_no
+        self.queue_id = queue_id
+
+    def _serialize_stats_body(self):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_QUEUE_STATS_REQUEST_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.OFP_STATS_MSG_SIZE,
+                      self.port_no, self.queue_id)
+
+
+@_set_msg_reply(OFPVendorStatsReply)
+@_set_stats_type(ofproto.OFPST_VENDOR, OFPVendorStats)
+@_set_msg_type(ofproto.OFPT_STATS_REQUEST)
+class OFPVendorStatsRequest(OFPStatsRequest):
+    """
+    Vendor statistics request message
+
+    The controller uses this message to query vendor-specific information
+    of a switch.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flags, vendor, specific_data=None):
+        super(OFPVendorStatsRequest, self).__init__(datapath, flags)
+        self.vendor = vendor
+        self.specific_data = specific_data
+
+    def _serialize_vendor_stats(self):
+        self.buf += self.specific_data
+
+    def _serialize_stats_body(self):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.OFP_VENDOR_STATS_MSG_PACK_STR,
+                      self.buf, ofproto.OFP_STATS_MSG_SIZE,
+                      self.vendor)
+        self._serialize_vendor_stats()
+
+
+class NXStatsRequest(OFPVendorStatsRequest):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flags, subtype):
+        super(NXStatsRequest, self).__init__(datapath, flags,
+                                             ofproto_common.NX_EXPERIMENTER_ID)
+        self.subtype = subtype
+
+    def _serialize_vendor_stats_body(self):
+        pass
+
+    def _serialize_vendor_stats(self):
+        msg_pack_into(ofproto.NX_STATS_MSG_PACK_STR, self.buf,
+                      ofproto.OFP_VENDOR_STATS_MSG_SIZE,
+                      self.subtype)
+        self._serialize_vendor_stats_body()
+
+
+class NXFlowStatsRequest(NXStatsRequest):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flags, out_port, table_id, rule=None):
+        super(NXFlowStatsRequest, self).__init__(datapath, flags,
+                                                 ofproto.NXST_FLOW)
+        self.out_port = out_port
+        self.table_id = table_id
+        self.rule = rule
+        self.match_len = 0
+
+    def _serialize_vendor_stats_body(self):
+        if self.rule is not None:
+            offset = ofproto.NX_STATS_MSG_SIZE + \
+                ofproto.NX_FLOW_STATS_REQUEST_SIZE
+            self.match_len = nx_match.serialize_nxm_match(
+                self.rule, self.buf, offset)
+
+        msg_pack_into(
+            ofproto.NX_FLOW_STATS_REQUEST_PACK_STR,
+            self.buf, ofproto.NX_STATS_MSG_SIZE, self.out_port,
+            self.match_len, self.table_id)
+
+
+class NXAggregateStatsRequest(NXStatsRequest):
+    def __init__(self, datapath, flags, out_port, table_id, rule=None):
+        super(NXAggregateStatsRequest, self).__init__(
+            datapath, flags, ofproto.NXST_AGGREGATE)
+        self.out_port = out_port
+        self.table_id = table_id
+        self.rule = rule
+        self.match_len = 0
+
+    def _serialize_vendor_stats_body(self):
+        if self.rule is not None:
+            offset = ofproto.NX_STATS_MSG_SIZE + \
+                ofproto.NX_AGGREGATE_STATS_REQUEST_SIZE
+            self.match_len = nx_match.serialize_nxm_match(
+                self.rule, self.buf, offset)
+
+        msg_pack_into(
+            ofproto.NX_AGGREGATE_STATS_REQUEST_PACK_STR,
+            self.buf, ofproto.NX_STATS_MSG_SIZE, self.out_port,
+            self.match_len, self.table_id)
+
+
+nx_actions.generate(
+    'ryu.ofproto.ofproto_v1_0',
+    'ryu.ofproto.ofproto_v1_0_parser'
+)